The Judge Rotenberg Educational Center (JRC) was founded in 1971 by Matthew Israel. Similar to Provo Canyon School, it is a behaviorist program that is inspired by Skinnerian ideas.  JRC relies heavily on aversion therapy with aversive such as contingent food programs, long-term restraints, sensory deprivation, and electric shock. The program is well-known for its use of the Graduated Electronic Decelerator (GED) – a device that was designed by Matthew Israel that administers electric shocks to the residents through remote control. Abuse allegations throughout the years have surfaced including security videos showing staff tying an autistic child face-down to a four-point board and shocking him 31-times at the highest setting. The child was later hospitalized with third-degree burns and acute stress disorder. At least, six residents have died at the institute since it was founded. There have been repeated attempts to shut down the center by autism rights advocates, disability rights advocates, and human rights advocates including the Autistic Self Advocacy Network, Disability Rights International, and Community Alliance for the Ethical Treatment of Youth (CAFETY).